"This is the most powerful missile in the world," Putin declared, claiming that the combined power of the Sarmat's individually targeted warheads is more than four times higher than that of any Western counterpart.

The Russian leader has repeatedly brandished the nuclear sword after sending troops into Ukraine in February 2022 to try to deter the West from ramping up support for Ukraine.
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Russia New Missile
In this image made from video provided by Russian Defense Ministry Press Service on May 12, 2026, Russia's new Sarmat intercontinental ballistic missile is test launched at an unspecified location in Russia.
AP
After overseeing a military parade on Red Square on Saturday commemorating the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II, which for the first time in nearly two decades didn't include heavy weapons, Putin declared the conflict in Ukraine is coming to an end.
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Since coming to power in 2000, Putin has overseen efforts to upgrade the Soviet-built components of the Russian nuclear triad - deploying hundreds of new, land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, commissioning new nuclear submarines and modernizing nuclear-capable bombers.

Russia's effort to revamp its nuclear forces pushed the United States to launch a costly modernization of its arsenal.

Nuclear arms pact expired
The last remaining nuclear arms pact between Russia and the U.S. expired in February, leaving no caps on the world's two largest atomic arsenals for the first time in more than a half-century and fueling fears of an unconstrained nuclear arms race.
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That same month, the U.S. and Russia agreed to reestablish formal, high-level military communications that were suspended in late 2021, prior to Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

The Sarmat — designated "Satan II" by NATO — is meant to replace about 40 Soviet-built Voyevoda missiles. Its development began in 2011 and before now, the missile had only one known successful test and reportedly suffered a massive explosion during an abortive test in 2024. A satellite image analyzed by CBS News at the time showed a large crater and remnants of a possible explosion on a launchpad at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia.

The Sarmat is classified as a "heavy" ICBM and is capable of carrying up to 10 tons in payload, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Missile Defense Project.